I disagree with the explanation that the cause of low interest rates are the central banks.

In my view, there are three drivers that lead to low interest rates:

1 - ageing population: as population ages, consumption and expenditure decrease. Interest rates need to be lowered to increase the consumption of other younger people to offset this effect.

2 - globalization and the China effect: globalization increased competetion and lead to lower prices for transactional goods. China basically exported low inflation around the world, by producing quality goods at a cheap price. If one would spend 1k usd on a TV, now one spends much less and the money left is extra savings, which pressures interest rates to a lower level.

3 - technology and advancements in regulation: a bit related to the point above. Nowadays it is much cheaper to produce several goods, and the quality keeps getting better. Due to technology and better regulation, one can open a new business fast with much less initial capital. A lower demand for capital lead to lower demand for loans, so interest rates have to get lower to put things in equilibrium.

Those three causes above are structural, and it will take time to change them so interest rates rise once again.